In traditional construction methods are based on the principle that the slab is supported by beams and the beams are supported by columns. In the flat slab system, beams are avoided and the slab is directly supported in columns. Sometimes drop panels are used above the columns to support the flat slabs. Flat slab is […]
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Ferrocement is a composite material of mortar and reinforcement such as light steel fabrics and meshes and is used to form thin section. Ferrocement is a form of reinforced mortar that is embedded with closely spaced multiple layers of wire mesh. The mesh is generally metallic or non-metallic. The ferrocement is widely used to construct
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Before initiation of Bidding and Construction phase of any project, i.e. in the pre-bidding phase, the viability of the project is checked by preparation of Conceptual design data, drawings and preliminary estimate, which is then passed through various administrative and technical authority, to check the financial and technical aspect of the project and to give
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Soil-cement is a mixture of soil and measured amount of cement, and water compacted at high density. They all together form a hardened mixture like concrete, under the hydration action of cement. It is generally used as a low-cost pavement base for airports, parking areas, residential streets, roads, shoulders, and materials-handling and storage areas. It
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Shotcrete is a method of applying concrete or mortar pneumatically projected or sprayed with the help of nozzle having high velocity on the prepared surface. Shotcrete is also called Gunite or sprayed concrete. It is typically reinforced by steel, rods, steel mesh or fibres. It is placed and compacted or consolidated with the force with
A Waffle Slab or ribbed slab is a type of slab which is plain on its top and holes beneath, giving an appearance of waffles. The top of the ribbed slab is normally thin and bottom grid lines are generally ribs which are perpendicular to each other with equal depth. It is usually used where
The building bye-laws or building codes are defined as the standards and norms set by the government authorities to ensure the health and comfort of users, to safeguard the workers during construction; and to provide enough safety to the public in general. Read More: Building Code: An Impeccable Guide to Civil Engineers An order prescribed
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Structural vibration is one of the big issues faces by buildings or structures. Commonly the vibrations are arises from seismic forces or man-made sources such as crowd movement, traffic, blasting, heavy machine operations etc. The vibrations are oscillatory motions and can experience in building through floors usually. This can affect the strength of structures or
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