Columns are vertical structural members that transfer the load from the slabs and beams to the foundations Columns are mainly subjected to axial compression forces. So it is the compression members of the structure. When a compression member is vertical and its effective length (height) exceeds three times its least lateral dimension, It is called …
Various tests such as cube test, split tensile test etc are performed on the concrete to assess its properties. These tests are done on a specially made specimen which may not represent the actual structure. These tests required pre-planning. The specimen get destroyed in the process. To overcome these problems, Non destructive tests have been …
Bar Bending Schedule (BBS) is a document that contains the type, size, bending shape, quantity and the total length of all the reinforcements used in the member. Thus, Bar scheduling is a way of listing rebars details for each structural member. It is prepared to estimate the total amount of steel required for that structural …
Before initiation of Bidding and Construction phase of any project, i.e. in the pre-bidding phase, the viability of the project is checked by preparation of Conceptual design data, drawings and preliminary estimate, which is then passed through various administrative and technical authority, to check the financial and technical aspect of the project and to give …